proxy in python requests

Proxy in Python Requests

If you need to make a request to a website using Python's requests module, you might encounter issues if the website blocks your IP address. In this case, using a proxy server can be a solution. A proxy server is an intermediary server that sits between your computer and the website you're trying to access. It sends your request to the website on your behalf and returns the response back to you.

Using a proxy in Python requests

To use a proxy server in Python requests, you need to specify the proxy when making the request. Here is an example:

import requests

proxies = {
  'http': 'http://myproxy.com:8080',
  'https': 'https://myproxy.com:8080'
}

response = requests.get('http://www.example.com', proxies=proxies)
print(response.content)

In this example, we're creating a dictionary called 'proxies' with two keys: 'http' and 'https'. The values of these keys are the URLs of the proxy servers we want to use. We then pass this dictionary as a parameter to the 'requests.get()' function. The 'requests' module will send the request through the proxy server specified in the 'proxies' dictionary.

Using an authenticated proxy

If your proxy server requires authentication, you need to specify the username and password in the URL. Here is an example:

import requests

proxies = {
  'http': 'http://username:[email protected]:8080',
  'https': 'https://username:[email protected]:8080'
}

response = requests.get('http://www.example.com', proxies=proxies)
print(response.content)

In this example, we're including the username and password in the proxy URL. The 'requests' module will use these credentials to authenticate with the proxy server before sending the request.

Using multiple proxies

You can also use multiple proxy servers in a single request by specifying a list of proxies. The 'requests' module will cycle through the list of proxies until it successfully makes a connection:

import requests

proxies = [
  'http://proxy1.com:8080',
  'http://proxy2.com:8080',
  'http://proxy3.com:8080'
]

response = requests.get('http://www.example.com', proxies=proxies)
print(response.content)

In this example, we're using a list of three proxy servers. The 'requests' module will try each proxy in turn until it successfully connects to the website.

Conclusion

Using a proxy server can be a useful solution if you're having trouble accessing a website due to IP blocking. In Python's requests module, you can specify a proxy server by creating a dictionary with the 'http' and 'https' keys and passing it as a parameter to the 'requests.get()' function. You can also use multiple proxies or authenticated proxies by specifying a list of proxy URLs.