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Python Requests Module: A Comprehensive Guide

If you're looking to perform HTTP requests in Python, the Requests module is one of the best options available. It's easy to use, flexible, and powerful. In this article, we'll explore the basics of using the Requests module to send HTTP requests to web servers.

What is the Requests module?

The Requests module is a third-party library for Python, which allows you to send HTTP requests using Python. It abstracts the complexities of making requests behind a simple API, which means that you can focus on the logic of your program, rather than the details of making HTTP requests.

How to install the Requests module?

You can install the Requests module using pip, which is a package manager for Python. Open your command prompt or terminal and type:

pip install requests

How to use the Requests module?

To use the Requests module, you need to import it:

import requests

Sending a GET Request: The simplest form of an HTTP request is the GET request. We can use the requests.get() method to send a GET request:

response = requests.get('https://www.w3schools.com/python/ref_requests_get.asp')

Sending a POST Request: To send a POST request, we can use the requests.post() method:

data = {'key': 'value'}
response = requests.post('http://example.com/api', data=data)

Sending a PUT Request: To send a PUT request, we can use the requests.put() method:

data = {'key': 'value'}
response = requests.put('http://example.com/api', data=data)

Sending a DELETE Request: To send a DELETE request, we can use the requests.delete() method:

response = requests.delete('http://example.com/api')

Response Content:

The Requests module returns a Response object, which contains the server's response to the request. We can access the content of the response using the .text attribute:

response = requests.get('https://www.w3schools.com/python/ref_requests_get.asp')
print(response.text)

HTTP Headers:

The server sends back a set of HTTP headers along with the response. We can access these headers using the .headers attribute:

response = requests.get('https://www.w3schools.com/python/ref_requests_get.asp')
print(response.headers)

HTTP Status Codes:

The HTTP status code is a three-digit code that indicates the status of the server's response. We can access the status code using the .status_code attribute:

response = requests.get('https://www.w3schools.com/python/ref_requests_get.asp')
print(response.status_code)